Parameter Sensor temperature thermocouple RTD thermistor semiconductor pyrometer humidity and dew point hygrometer psychrometer air speed, wind speed rotating anemometer heated wire anemometer wind direction wind vane rain fall rain gauge water wetness sensor light level pyronometer radiation pyrometer photoconductor photodiode visibility, opacity ultraviolet sensor infrared sensor optical sensor laser sensor light wavelength, color spectrometer nuclear radiation alpha detector beta detector x-ray detector gamma detector vibration, acceleration piezoelectricaccelerometer gravity MEMS accelerometer gravimeter gravitometer stress, strain strain gauge weight, force, tension load cell torque sensor force sensor fluid pressure pressure sensor barometer distance, proximity, laser micrometer position photoelectric sensor fiber optic sensor ultrasonic sensor magnetorestrictive sensor eddy current sensor capacitive distance sensor string potentiometer LVDT location Linear encoder Hall effect sensor gyroscope GPS tilt inclinometer MEMS accelerometer gyroscope rotation rotary encoder potentiometer RVDT speed tachometer inductance-coil pulse generator flow ultrasonic sensor laser sensor turbine flow meter mass flow meter orifice plate with pressure sensor liquid level float ultrasonic pressure sensor pH pH sensor chemical concentration (in water) electrochemical cell chromatograph oxygen (in water) dissolved oxygen sensor gas concentration (in air) chemical detector electrochemical cell chemical composition gas chromatograph mass spectrometer chromatograph colorimeter power wattmeter frequency frequency meter tachometer magnetic fields magnetometer magneto-inductive sensor magnetorestrictive sensor Hall effect sensor vision, image camera sound microphone touch pressure sensor – piezoelectric pressure sensor – resistive